Lookout-telescope.



A. KUNIG.

LOOKOUT TELESCOPE APPLICATION FILEDFEB.1G,1914.

w wg Patented May 2?, 1914 To (1Z5 '10 71 0 m i? may concern enable the user to ObSCIVB an open cox-{mar sslde, wink himself incovcr, and more par llltlllillly to lookout iaciesmpes, m Winch the upper part of the telescope is carried by a support, which is rigid or is adjustable in height and does not form a. comm-(U011 bi)" iwaen the upper and the lower PPUJLS uf the fem-scope, adzqntm? l0 exclude lateral light,

" In. the i'elescoms 01E ibis t ne. Mush as We 5 1w r-R if as Efmy must, befov A215,; m" Lhrougzh hm plane cf the mud mew l'eflwtlon images, in (Mm) w i'ds 'fim'n EH3- niteiy liimied my penal s TM sum @1162 5.;0aitinn 0f HELSC: acrvens mpcn ls; on the mall (R /gram the cuymtum of every 9- Specification of Letters wwg E5 and an :mprmiinmtc'ly l'loriimnim. c'iil'ecticm of inspection 1111,11 kan'ivout, Whivh mm, 1 the WM (1%. L

s and all my; u!

of the telescope, which are bounded by mm W When such a disturbance was to be :wnk'lmfi by means (a1? & light-tight inclwtn're (R 9'. Jam? bellows) this; was 0pm to objection, in the 3 m an AUSLU'L", presents a sluflaua 0 Hm uikiiiiihi Wini. C(E Em Hum 'ihu invm 1 mmsisais in e'iir'nimwiingl wh J the mid harmful 01k n insfeufl of by 1; they gimg g 3 Hm z M 923 Licensee plecing other lenses ohliquely, the most satisrcctory Way, however, being the replacement the usual telescope objective by an astig- B i u question, another general arrangement of the lenses of the lookout. telescope will be oiten adopted tor the purpose of reducing the Weight oi the upper cart. W 1th such an arrangement the upper part of the *tele scope contains 1n the way of lenses only the objective, which forms in its focal plane an image of the sighted, distant objects, and a collective lens in the vicinity of the focal clone of the said objective. The lower part of the telescope contains, besides an astronomical ocular, for thepurpose or imagecrection u lens-system of reversion, which,

in the case of a variable look-out height, is

displacalole in the direction or the optical axis for optically adapting the telescope to such height. is with the said arrangement the bottom lens of the upper part of the telescope is e collective lens, it can he placed fairly obliquely to the optical axis, Withoutthe astigmatism so 'groduced becoming practically detrimental. The amount or the astigmatism increases with the amount of obliquity of the lens and the distance of its ective parts from the focal plane of the objective Hence, it is of advantage in this case, when considerable obliquity of the lens is required, to give it the above described form or" a lient lens, whereby not only, as also explained above, the tube extension necessary for cutting off the harmful reilections becomes smaller, but the maximum distance or: the effective lens parts from the objective focal plane and thereby the astiginutic aberrations become less.

in ",ie annexed drawing Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the invention by two examples of look-out telescopes, which are adjustable in direction, each example being the height diagrammatic longitudinal secshown in a tion.

The constructional arrangement chosen is in bo h examples, as it is of sec cutlery importance for the ,oresent invenlou. The adjustable support of the upper art of the telescope is formed by tele' epic tubular system. a, which is mounted tcrelly of the optical unis on 2, frame 6 running the substruc 'iure. The lower part or the telescope is tired the frame e. actuation of the elescopic arrangementis efiected by means of ztcornprossed gas,whicli is obtained from a steel bottle :2 and is conducted to the interior of the tubular system by a three-Way cool;

' g and a milled/ed The optical arrangement of the look-outteiescope shown in Fig. 1 consists of two astronomical telescopes facing each other.

"The two objectives are inarxed c and f and the two ocular systems g", g and if, if respectively; 2' and 7,: are two rctlecting prisms, which bring about the horizontal position of the directions of insp ction and look-out. The objective is dispo d obliquely to the optical axis and consists of on astigmaticell corrected'lens system, the two air bounded lass. surfaces of which each form (because they are convex upward) a real image of the entrance pupil of the lower part of the telescope, Which pupil is in the present case formed by the upper edge of this port. The ray pencil systems of these two reflection images are intersected by the extension Z or" the upper tube, so that by this means all those rays of light coming from Without ar: cut. oil, which might :niter retlec tion at the two reflecting lens surfaces enter the lovverpert of the telescope and thereby disturb the image presented by the telescope.

The optical arrangement of the second example (Fig. Qlis substantially that of a terrestial telescope. in the movable upper part of the telescope there niiountcd behind a reflecting prism i an objective marked m and in the vicinity of the image plane thereof a collective lens n The latter has a bent form with the hollow side turned up. Ward and is formed or" two plano-convu; lens parts. The lower part of the telescope contains the reversing system, which serves r erecting the image and is represented oy a lens 0, Well as the reflecting prism k and the ocular system p 39 The reversing systern 0 is displaceeole in the direction of the optical axis by hieans of a rack and pinion gs Wheel 7-, for adopting the telescope to the desired look-out height. The air-bounded surfaces of jthe collective lens n each form a virtual image of tli' entrance pupil of the lower part or tr. telee scope, lying at'a comparatively great d tones from the lens, which entrance pupil i in this case as Well, formed by the upper edge of the said port, and the slightly 0 iverging ray pencil systems of these images are again intersected by the extension s of the upper tube, so that all rays of light coming from Without are prevented from entering the lower part of the telescope,

I claim:

1. in a loolr out telescope two separate optical systems each having its axis broken, disposed one above the other, the axis of emergence of the upper system and the of entrance of the lower system being substantially vertical and the bottom lens of the upper system being placed obliquely to the said axis of entrance of the lower system, a frame, to which the lower system is lined, and a non-light-excluding support attached to the said trams and adapted to carry the upper system.

2; In a look-out telescope two separate optical s stems each having; itsaxis broken, disposed one above the other, the axis of ernergcnce of the upper system and the axis of entrance of the lower system being sulostantially vertical and the bottom lens of the upper system being placed obliquely to the said axis of entrance of the lower sys term, a frame, to which the lower system is fixed, a non light-excluding support attached to the said frame and adapted to carry the upper system, and screening means adapted to prevent reflection images of the entrance pupil of the lower system coming from the air-bounded surfaces o'f-the obliquet lens from entering the lower system.

3. In a look-out telescope two separate optical systems each having its axis broken, disposed one above the other, the axis of el'nergence of the upper system and the axis of entrance of the lower system being; substantially vertical and the bottom lens of the upper system being formed of two segmentshaped lens portions disposed next to each other, which are adapted to form two images coinciding with one another-and are placed obliquely in two directions with respect to tho axis of entrance of the lower system, thus forming a roof-shaped lens, which turns its hollow side upward, a frame, to which the lower system is fixed, a non-light-cxclud ing support attached to the said frame and adapted to carry the upper system, and screening means adapted to prevent rcilec- "tion images of the entrance pu ii of the lower system coming from the air-bounded surfaces of the oblique lens from entering the lower system.

4- In a look-out telescope two separate optical systems each having its axis broken, disposed one above the other, the axis of emergence of the upper system and the axis of entrance of the lower system being substantially vertical and the bottom lens of,

the upper system being placed obliquely to the said axis of entrance of the lower system, at least one of the air-bounded surfaces of which lens is adapted to form a virtual image of the entrance pupil of the lower system at a considerable distance from itself, a frame, to which the lower system is fixed, a non-light-excluding support attached to'the said frame and adapted to carry the upper system, and screening means adapted to pre: vent reflection images of the entrance pupil of the lower system coming from ,the airbounded surfaces of the oblique lens 'Froni entering the lower system.

ALBERT hl'OlfllG.

Witnesses:

PAUL listless, RICHARD HAHN. 

